Which of the following is a nationalist composer associated with Hungary?

Zoltán Kodály is a prominent nationalist composer connected to Hungary, renowned for his contributions to music education, folk music research, and choral works that deeply incorporate Hungarian folk traditions. His approach often celebrated and preserved Hungarian musical heritage, emphasizing the importance of folk elements within the classical music context.

Kodály’s works frequently include authentic Hungarian melodies and rhythms, making them a rich representation of national identity and culture. His belief in the value of folk music as a foundation for national art music directly reflects the ideals of nationalism during his time. This connection not only showcases his heritage but also underscores his efforts to raise the profile of Hungarian music on the international stage, which aligns closely with the concept of musical nationalism.

In contrast, the other composers listed have different national affiliations and musical focuses, with Gershwin being associated with American jazz and classical crossover, Vaughan Williams reflecting British folk influences, and Ives being recognized for his innovative American compositions rather than a nationalistic style specific to Hungary.