Which chord progression represents a typical authentic cadence?

The typical authentic cadence is best represented by the progression that moves from the dominant chord (V) to the tonic chord (I) or from the dominant (V) to the minor tonic (i). This progression creates a sense of resolution that is fundamental to Western tonal music. When the dominant chord resolves to the tonic, it reinforces the key center, providing a satisfying conclusion to a phrase or section of music.

In this case, the major tonic (I) signifies resolution in a major key, and the minor tonic (i) does the same in a minor key. This strong resolution is what characterizes an authentic cadence, making it a hallmark of tonal harmony, often found at the end of musical phrases.

The other chord progressions presented do not provide the same sense of closure. The progression moving from IV to V creates tension but does not resolve strongly, and the ii to V progression does lead toward a resolution but feels incomplete without the tonic. Similarly, the VI to V progression does not emphasize the tonic effectively, thus failing to establish an authentic cadence.