In a fugue, what term describes a theme that is transposed exactly note for note in the dominant key?

In a fugue, the term that describes a theme that is transposed exactly note for note in the dominant key is known as the "Real Answer." This term is used when the subject of the fugue, which is the main theme, is presented in a different pitch, specifically in the dominant key, without any alterations to the interval structure. This preservation of the exact intervals while moving to a new pitch creates a strong sense of contrast and unity within the composition.

In contrast, the "Tonal Answer" refers to a situation where the theme is transposed into the dominant key but adjusted to fit the scale of the new key, resulting in some interval modifications. The "Subject Answer" is typically just another reference to the main theme itself rather than its transposition. "Dominant Theme" is not a standard term used to describe this specific concept in the context of a fugue.

Understanding these distinctions helps to appreciate the complexity and structural integrity of fugues in Western classical music.